Saturday, December 28, 2019

Significance Of The Resurrection Of Jesus - 1511 Words

According to the New Testament, what is the significance of the resurrection of Jesus? Student No. D Essay Title: What is the Significance of the Resurrection of Jesus? In this task, I will investigate a range of academic literature to answer the essay question ‘What is the Significance of the Resurrection of Jesus?’ and the influence it has on the Christian life. As Christians Easter Sunday is the day that we celebrate the resurrection of Christ. Marcus, Borg and Wright (2009) discuss Jesus in terms of a pre-and post-Easter Christ. The post-Easter was what he became after his death. The author is of the view that Jesus followers continue to experience the post- Easter Jesus as â€Å"an experiential reality, not simply and article of†¦show more content†¦Warnock (2010) says that the resurrection of Jesus was a powerfully divine event in creation’s history and how the Holy Spirit works in our lives. (p13) Warnock (2010) says that the resurrection is still changing lives today, it changes us as Christians from being spiritually dead to being alive to God again and it offers us forgiveness and freedom. It also offers us hope beyond the grave. It changes fear into love and despair into joy when we follow Jesus. Footnote 1 â€Å"it changes fear into love, despair into joy.† Footnote 2 â€Å"the king of all Israel is the God who rules all things. Easter Sunday is very significant to in the resurrection of Christ. At Easter time, we celebrate the rising for Jesus from the grave. This shows the importance of the resurrection which is about Jesus post-death experiences and when he became Lord. The resurrection is important because it was the day that God rose his Son from the dead. NT Wright - the meaning of Jesus According to Wright (1999). The resurrection of Christ was very significant. The author writes to say that the post Jesus resurrection saw a huge rise in Christianity and many Christians experienced Jesus after his death. Jesus rose from the grave and left an empty tomb. Wright (2003) says it does not matter what happened to the corpse of Jesus it is irrelevant to the truth of Easter is it is about the resurrection. The significance here is that the resurrection developed the Christian faith. MyShow MoreRelatedSignificance Of Resurrection And The Created World1321 Words   |  6 PagesTH501X2 Basic Christian Doctrine Brian Edgar Significance of Resurrection to the Created World Requirement #4 April 24, 2015 Christie M. Berty Around the world, every spring, in many different types of celebrations, millions of people acknowledge that around twenty centuries ago Jesus Christ was raised from the dead; commonly known as â€Å"Easter.† Easter is a celebration of the significance of the resurrection of Jesus and it has significance for the created world. The origin of the wordRead MoreA Meal With Jesus Christ Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesA Meal with Jesus Twelve disciples were hand selected to spend 3 years with Jesus. They learned from a man who brought then a renewed spirit, taught them a new way of life, and who demonstrated what it looked like to be a perfect being. Then, one night while sitting around the dinner table, Jesus prophesized his own death and resurrection, and called out the disciple that would betray him. Knowing that the end was near, Jesus gave his disciples bread as a symbol of his body and wine as his bloodRead MoreLewis Used Arthurian Tales And Mythology To Make His Novels1051 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough the fantasy and myth, demonstrated Biblical concepts through his works. Aslan, the lion, one of the main characters in The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, sacrifices himself for a traitor which represents the Biblestory of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Aslan is king by right of the entirety of Narnia, omnipotent, righteous, worshiped by his followers, and hated by his enemies. In the story, Edmund betrays Aslan and his siblings, Peter, Susan, and Lucy and joins the White Witch, the mainRead MoreSignificance Of Christ s Resurrection Essay1630 Words   |  7 Pages Upon discussing about the importance and significance of Christ’s resurrection, there will be a few different, major aspects that this research paper will cover. The resurrection touches many different area of studies. Those who consider this event to be true (doesn’t have to just be Christian only) will have to agree that it’s a historical landmark; a phenomenal, miraculous event that cannot be too easy to explain. On the theological aspect, which all Christians should be take into considerationRead MoreThe Resurrection Of Jesus Was A Literal, Historical Event1282 Words   |  6 Pageslife and death. Questions such as ‘What is there after death?’ and ‘Do I have a purpose on this planet?’ have plagued countless people. When looking at the statement in question,  "It is not necessary for Christian faith to believe that the resurrection of Jesus was a literal, historical event.†, one must remember that in the minds of Christians, not only is it a comfort that there is something after death, but also an answer to both of the previous questions; yes, there is life after death and; yesRead MoreEssay Jesus: Religous Myth1196 Words   |  5 Pages Jesus resurrection is one of the greatest religious myths in world civilization. The stories of his resurrection was are told in the Bible, and also passed down from generation to generation. The resurrection happened after Jesus Christ was crucified on the cross, and his body was placed in the tomb. Joseph of Arimathea had Jesus Christ’s body placed in his own tomb. Jesus never made tomb a permanent resting spot though. On the third dayRead MoreThe Empty Tomb753 Words   |  4 PagesThe Gospel writer’s varying depictions of the events at Jesus’ tomb demonstrate a mixture of history, theology, and artistry. Each writer interprets and reframes the Resurrection event in a way that is appropriate for their overall theology; they do so through description of the people and events who were there, as well as by using characteristic themes and diction consistent with their larger narrative. Matthew’s Gospel account of the empty tomb contains a unique event—an earthquake. As the womenRead MoreThomas Langford s Central Doctrines Of The Christian Faith960 Words   |  4 Pages In the Old Testament, God s kingdom is portrayed as a place where the Lord rules over all. Many of the prophets talked of a time where peace and justice under God would never end (Isaiah 2:4, Daniel 7:14, Zechariah 14:9). In the New Testament, Jesus talked frequently about the kingdom in ways that show it is here now, partially here, or has not come at all yet. While Wesley anticipated a soon return of Christ to claim his Kingdom, he stressed, like Paul, that there was no need to be sitting aroundRead MoreGospel And Gospel Of John1127 Words   |  5 PagesGospel’s Analysis In the faith of Christianity, their are four distinct disciples of gospel accounts. Each of the four gospels has its own unique contribution to shaping a precise picture of Jesus. Scholars have contributed a great deal to the understanding of the circumstances of their writing, along with the intentions of their authors. Their are two groups to which the gospels are separated by. The synoptic gospels and the gospel of John. Their are critical differences between these two groupsRead MoreComplexities Directly Related to the Crucifixion of Jesus Christ1033 Words   |  4 Pagesdirectly related to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. The majority of these pertain not only to the reason for his crucifixion but also for popular interpretation of this act and the significance attributed to it. Jesus taught and did much that was contrary to both Jewish and Roman conceptions of law and religion. Many of his transgressions were also directly related to the nature of his death and the signifi cance it would later on take. Both Romans and Jews sought Jesus death because he was ecclesiastically

Friday, December 20, 2019

Deregulation And Lack Of Supervision - 983 Words

Additionally, reasons for most of the major crises were deregulation and lack of supervision. Until recently, such complex products like derivatives were unsupervised as they were not directly connected to the deposits. A change in regulation is one of the problems which arises for structured products. For example decision of government to decrease use of non-standardised or opaquely priced financial products. The aim of such action is to attract attention of structured products users to the need of covering externalities placed by such instruments. Moreover, crises are considered to be consequences of several negative economic indicators, however this is not correct for the 2007 crisis, which happened during the period of high and stable growth rate and low inflation. Due to a strong connection between financial markets, the crisis spread fast globally. This showed that even well-developed economic system can experience damageable drops. As a countermeasure, in developed countries, governments set their monetary policies to stimulate industrial output and recover financial markets. 4.2. Structured Products are to Blame Structured products are blamed for playing important role in the 2007 crisis. The securitisation process changed the way banks operate as the originate-to-hold model replaced by the fee driven originate-to-distribute model. New operating model helped banks reduce maturity mismatch for assets and liabilities. However, such products are not transparentShow MoreRelatedThe Act Of Texas And The Sunset Advisory Commission ( Sac )1586 Words   |  7 Pages(Gaebler 6). This would mean that RTs along with 18 other programs would not have to hold a state license to practice their craft (Sunset 52). Deregulation may sound like a good idea on paper, however in practice, it is anything but. The potential negative outcomes in the form of patient harm and possible death would far outweigh any benefit. Deregulation of respiratory therapists in Texas began in the government as a proposal, was fought against by those who say the potential danger in the ideaRead MoreThe Bubble Economy. The Direct Caus e Of The Japanese Banking834 Words   |  4 PagesDuring 1980s, sustained economic growth and low inflation rate were the main characteristics of macroeconomic environment in Japan. This condition caused the upward growth expectations of asset prices, uncontrolled credit expansion and financial deregulation. At the same period, the United States has a substantial increase in the current account deficit and a sharp increase in the foreign trade deficit. In order to depreciate the U.S. dollar by intervening in currency markets, five countries includingRead MoreGlobalizations Impact on Government Business Relations1845 Words   |  7 Pageshighlighted: firstly, the area in which there will be a trade diversion between Asia and Australia will be in the clothing, textile and automobile industry. Secondly, overall exports would fall. And lastly, interest rates in Asia would fall because of their lack of diversion. The Federal Trade Agreement by the Government of Australia will enhance freer trade and enhance total trade. USA will become a trading partner and Asias retaliation will have no negative impact on the real GDP of USA and AustraliaRead MoreThe Term Global Financial Crisis (Gfc) Refers To The Financial1745 Words   |  7 Pagesan international banking crisis, which then developed into a global economic crisis, The Great Recession (Williams, 2010). This essay will conclude that that due to private sector financial management, government regulations and legislation and deregulation were at the root cause of the crisis and give explanations surrounding this criteria. To gain a detailed understanding of the Global Financial Crisis it is essential to examine the preliminary factors surrounding it. The tipping point that directlyRead MoreImpact of Financial Regulations3015 Words   |  12 Pagesneeds of their national economies during the 1970’s and 1980’s due to changes in global market conditions. NEED FOR DEREGULATION/REFORMS Excessive controls and regulation in general were increasingly viewed as inappropriate for the efficient allocation of resources and smooth functioning of an economic system. A consensus was reached among academics and policy makers alike that deregulation was essential to enable financial institutions to adjust more flexibly to the rapidly changing market environmentRead MoreProblems, Solutions and Prospects for the Development and Progress of the Banking Industry in Nigeria1209 Words   |  5 Pages system has undergone remarkable changes over the years, in terms of the number of institutions, ownership structure, as well as depth and breadth of operations. These changes have been influenced largely by challenges posed by deregulation of the financial sector, globalization of operations, technological innovations and adoption of supervisory and prudential requirements that conform to international standards. It is widely believed that savings and investment must go hand in handRead MoreDeregulation Created the Subprime Mortgage Crisis1373 Words   |  6 PagesDeregulation Created the Subprime Mortgage Crisis The mid-1990s saw an economic revival. What incited this activity was a technology boom like no other. It created a new era of electronics and computing. There were cell phones, desktop and laptop computers, the Internet, electronic games, flat panel TVs and major advances in business software and efficiencies. The housing industry was a big benefactor of this new economy. Home prices began to rise again by 1996. The rate of home ownership duringRead MoreEnron : A Look At Ethics994 Words   |  4 Pagescompanies, Houston Natural Gas and Inner North. Under the supervision of chief executive officer, Kenneth Lay, Enron profited tremendously from the deregulation of the natural gas industry, which gained them substantial credibility on Wall Street (Watkins). In an attempt to achieve further growth, began investing billions of dollars in foreign projects and trading ventures (History.com Staff). Also, a team of executives was hired under the supervision of Jeff Skilling to speculate the market (Watkins).Read MoreCode Of Conduct Through Their Own Behavior1408 Words   |  6 Pagesand standards apply to a variety of financial and non-financial areas (Yurtoglu, 2012). 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Thursday, December 12, 2019

Improve And Test The Usability Of Goodreads - Linkedin And Bandcamp

Question: Discuss about the Process To Improve And Test The Usability Of Goodreads, Linkedin And Bandcamp. Answer: Introduction The purpose of the study is to gather user information and experience regarding three websites, Goodreads, Linkedin and Bandcamp and in the process to improve and test the usability of these three websites. After a brief interview process, answers will be thoroughly assessed as to infer how the overall performance of the website can be enhanced. With the tool called usability engineering. Following the interviewing session a designer can evaluated and improve the website in an efficient manner by comprehending the user. The project will be responsible for focusing on how well the websites have their influences on the user and how it can be made more popular amongst the users. List of Interview Questions: bandcamp.com- 1) How does the user normally discover and listen to music? 2) Under which circumstances do they choose to purchase music? 3) Does the user engage with the musicians they listen to in any way? Goodreads.com How many books does the user typically read? What formats do they use for reading? How do they discover or choose new books to read? How do they engage with other people regarding books? Linkedin.com Has the user looked for jobs before? If so, how? If not, how would they look for a job? What information does the user want to know to decide on the relevance of a job? What support does the user want in applying for a job? Brief description of the usability test performed Usability testing emphasizes on the flaws and drawbacks of websites in order to improve its functioning and operations. There were a number of tasks stated previously in order to attain information from the users regarding the stated websites. Bandcamp is a website about singers and artists, striving to integrate music into everyday life and culture. The tasks associated with Bandcamp are searching for the track LOL in order to find out in-depth information about the task, for instance the copyright information. The above stated task will be significant to analyse users interaction with the website, the scenario will help the users to engage themselves with the website in a flawless manner. The task for Goodreads and Linkedin will assess the same from the users. The most effective and information seeking tasks are those assigned to Goodreads as it requires the user to write a review on one of the books they have read from Goodreads and suggest how helpful the site will be to the auth ors. The task gives the user a context or scenario for understanding and consequently improves the interaction level of the user with the website. The task poses an open-ended situation for the user to explore and write about the website. The next most information-seeking task is of Linkedin as the amount of time needed to asses and proceed with the task is significantly minimum. The task will able to find out a number of issues like whether the cost of online job posting is posing as a major hindrance to the users of Linkedin. It also includes a group interaction process whereby the test will bring to the forefront the users experience, issues since online job posting has become the backbone of attaining talented employees for the recruiters and vice-versa. The task will ensure to what degree the website is pleasant and advantageous to use. It will focus on each and every user and their unique preferences and expectations regarding Linkedin. Summary of the information Questions User A on B User B on C User C on User A Q1. Q1. User A has reported to read 5 books each month. Q1. In case of Bandcamp.com, we got to know that in todays generation, users or music lovers generally access to their favorite music from online portals because of the versatility of music available there Q1. Yes, they have looked for jobs before. With Linkedin we came to know that users have used online interface to look for jobs befitting their education and experience. They find online job portal very informative in a well- listed manner. Q2. Q2. In case of Goodreads, we came to know the advantage of online book reading and its popularity amongst readers of wide age range and occupation. Q2. Purchase of music usually is very rare, especially when it came to gifting near ones Q2. From online portals they can access a number of information like details of company, employee ratings, remuneration, and availability of similar jobs in different cities and the pre-requisites of the job position before proceeding with applications. The user want the support of a filtered job search from online portals so that they can look through and apply to jobs from their domain of expertise Q3. Q3. Users discovers new books in Goodreads based on readers rating and reviews, suggestions from Goodreads based on users most read authors and genres and obtaining suggestions from friends who are similar users of Goodreads. The recommendation engine generates a list of books that are hardly heard of with fascinating descriptions to intrigue the readers Q3. The users engage with the musicians with the help of tags and this further creates an opportunity for the fans to discover new artists and music belonging from that genre. Q3. The availability of relevant jobs in their own city or other cities where they would prefer to move into could also be useful to the users. Q4. Q4. The readers engage amongst themselves with Goodreads community interaction and book recommendation options. Task User A on B (GOODREADS) User B on C (BANDCAMP) User C on User A (LINKEDIN) Where does the user look for the commands or information? Goodreads Bandcamp.com Linkedin.com What errors does the user make, if any, when attempting to complete the tasks? The user committed wrong rhetorical analysis of the book. Confusing the book with another book was also frequent. The uploaded image file was corrupted. Repeated errors were made in comprehending certain technical aspects of UX designer job. Mistakes in calculating and analyzing job costs. How long does the user take to complete the tasks, and any subtasks? 1 hour 25 minutes 30 minutes What positive or negative emotions does the user express while completing the tasks? Negative-Biased opinions. Positive- amazement to come across a number of books. Negative- Nothing notable Positive- Excitement to explore more artists and genres. Negative- Lack of participation while working as a team. Positive- Eager to What notable comments are made by the user while thinking aloud? The easy navigation and availability of books sped up the process of completing the task. In-depth artist information prompted a quick emotional attachment with the songs. There is a stark variety of people with vast number of job preferences accessing Linkedin. Additional Task Goodreads Bandcamp Linkedin 1. Create a community and discuss book genre, interesting points and social contexts approached, to be viewed by public. Identify your favorite genre and collect more information on the singers of that genre. Mass messaging to survey individual users experience and expectations after using Linkedin. Dimension of Usability Effective: the websites are useful to the users because of the convenient and easy user-friendly interface. With Bandcamp, users effectively came across music and songs from the favorite genres or genres closed to being their favorite. Goodreads and Linkedin were also effective in showcasing or making the users aware of products of their liking. The books and types of jobs that Linkedin produced in front of the users were both relatable and useful for them. Efficient: Efficiency depends on the amount of time the websites are taking along with the accuracy of results that they are being able to produce. The users found it easy to navigate through the websites and the results were structured in an organized manner with relevant information grouped together for users. The same is especially true with Goodreads where the users came across interesting books from different genres without hassles. Engaging: some users found Linkedin and its contents structured in a haphazard manner. Many users found it rather creative and presented in a curiously professional way. The number of parameters for job search also perplexed some of its users. With Bandcamp and Goodreads were vary systematic with easy book recommendation options and genre enumerated in alphabetical manner. The same is applicable for Bandcamp with a clear view of interviews in a neat e professional manner. Error Tolerant: the three websites are well-reputed amongst users for providing error free content and important details to be accessed by users. Easy to Learn: users have been using these three websites because of their informative manner. Linkedin especially provides with an easy apply feature explaining in lucid language the operations and features. Goodreads and Bandcamp provides with colorful illustrations to make the products more appealing and relatable to the audience. Conclusion Linkedin is accessed by millions of people unrestricted by geographical boundaries with lesser number of problems like repeat your password and the like. However, many users have complained about the lack of relevancy in job searches and different pages use different button styles which tend to become a bit deviating and problematic. Gopdreads on the other hand is very illustrative following a simple page format. With Bandcamp, it uses bright color combination, creation of multiple number of lucidly written blogs and coverage to influence album sales accelerating its growth and profit level. According to data, users had greater accessibility to music and artists owing to Bandcamps strategic usage of tags and visual aid to work on the music tracks popularity. Limitations of the study and recommendations Communicational problems amongst the different users completing the tasks therefore delaying the process. Is not adequate enough for a thorough market research and opinions depend from person to person thereby making the process of preparing a statistical graph erroneous for websites like Bandcamp. Is not dependable for carrying out long-term plans or deducting definite conclusions like which one is the best-selling album as in the case of Bandcamp and therefore developing strategic marketing plans. The above method is only useful for designing short-term innovative ideas. Recommendations Making it less scenario-based and more data-oriented. Vague recommendations should be avoided by providing screenshots and thereby working on the illustration section to generate more audiences for this kind of study. Bandcamp can make use of image map to improve accessibility of users. Justification of recommendations and synchronize it with the business goals and technical constraints. For instance, in case of Bandcamp a community based research should be conducted in order to come up with more varieties of music. This would be an effective way for Bandcamp for promoting music and consequently website. Reflection: The process helps a business to identify and know in-depth about the choices and psychological pattern of different customers and align the services and products accordingly. The cost-effectiveness of the test further makes it wildly desirable and a comprehensive way to assess the importance and significance of e-commerce and design ways to improve the same. The results will encourage the designers of websites to come up with better options to improve their service and can keep the usability report away from public gaze. The concept is to create a realistic scenario to assess the usability of a product, in this case, the three different websites goodreads, Bancamp and Linkedin. It would be of considerable help to Bandcamp for branding and improving the quality of content, music, that the website has. It ensures that quality and versatility is consistently met.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Auditing and Accounting Issues Responsebility of Accountant

Question: Describe about the Auditing and Accounting Issues for Responsebility of Accountant. Answer: Part A: Audit Planning Preliminary judgment of materiality Materiality refers to the incorrect or missing information in the financial statements of a company which imposes significant impact on the decision making of the users. It is the key concept in accounting as because it helps auditors and accountants to decide which figures requires separate reporting (Berk and DeMarzo, 2007). The trial balance of Bobs Bikes shows the opening and closing balance of all the transactions from the year 2014 to 2016. The difference in the opening and closing balance of the accounts shows that there is incorrect information in the trial balance. The incorrect information means that the value of the company has increased or decreased during a period of time. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the accountant and auditor to analyze the financial statements and determining missing or incorrect information (Elliott and Elliott, 2008). The differences in the accounts in the trial balance are as follows: Trial balance Particulars Jul 1 2015 April 30, 2016 July 1, 2014 June 30, 2015 Differences Debit Credit Debit Credit Accounts receivable 124,320 112,000 -12320 Sales 201,515 187,450 -14065 Inventory 189,000 175,000 -14000 Depreciation 28,916 15,590 -13326 Wages 46,816 53,000 6184 The account receivable, sales, inventory, depreciation and wages account shows differences in their opening balance and closing balance indicting materiality in the accounts (Hillier, 2010). The values of account receivable, sales, inventory and depreciation has been overstated and the value of wages has been understated. Analytical review The trial balance is the account report that is shown at the end of financial year and listing end balance of each account. Trial balance ensures that all the debit amounts equal to the credit amounts that mean that there are no unbalanced entries in the journal. The trail balance of Bobs bikes shows all the debit and credit accounts that matches at the end of the report (Holton, 2012). The auditors uses the trial balance while conducting an audit and transferring the accounts into the accounting software. However, even if the debit and credit balance matches at the end of the trial balance report, it does not mean that there are no errors or omission in the listed account in the trial balance. The trial balance of Bobs bikes shows incorrect information and misrepresentation of the value of the company. Many accounts in the trial balance show incorrect value in the opening and closing financial income year (Keown, Martin and Petty, 2008). Trial balance is a report that is collected f rom the accounting records. The process of correcting any errors or omission in the trial balance as well as making adjustments in the trial balance is referred to as unadjusted trial balance. Five accounts selected and rationales The materiality has been found in the trial balance. The accounts that have been misrepresented are account receivable, sales, inventory, depreciation and wages account in the trial balance. The increase or decrease in the value affects the total value of the company. The account receivable has been overstated which means that the company has not received debt amount from the debtors (Moles, 2011). The inventory account has been overstated which means that the inventory has increased. The depreciation value has also been overstated showing high value. The wages has been understated showing that less wage has been paid by the company. The sales has been overstated which shows that the sales of the company has increased over the period. Part B: Sample selection Explanation/demonstration of sampling technique The primary aim and objective of the auditing is considered to secure the compliance with the clients works standards and thus helps to evaluate the overall financial performance of the company for the given fiscal year which eventually lead to the maximization of the profit (Saxena et al., 2010). Random Sampling Technique The random sampling technique in auditing is used by the auditor to select data without replacement. Once the account has been selected to test it is removed from population and it would not be subjected to the re selection (Shapiro, 2006). The random sampling technique can be used by the auditor in two ways: random number tables or computer programs. Systematic sampling technique Systematic Sampling technique enables the auditor to select sample data in such a way that there are uniform intervals between the sample items. In this sampling technique every Nth account is selected with random start (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). Haphazard sampling technique Haphazard sampling technique is the non statistical technique that is used by the auditor to stimulate the sampling while testing the status of errors of the accounting population. The findings shows that the properties of the haphazard samples substantially differ from those of the random sampling (Stittle and Wearing, 2008). The haphazard sampling technique can be used for substantive testing. It is an procedure to examine the financial report of the company and evaluating the errors in the document. Benefits of selected sampling technique Befnefits of Hapazrd approach The auditor should adopt random sampling technique while selecting the items. The benefits of haphazard sampling technique are that it needs minimum knowledge for the study and selection of the item. It is free from errors and suitable for the data analysis that includes use of the inferential statistics (Tripathi, 2008). The method is easy to use and simple as well as easy to assess the errors in the sample. It helps the auditor to select the data and analyze it appropriately to get the results. It will help the auditor to get better result from the sampling. It also allows the auditor to prevent the bias work and making the work easy. The random sampling technique provides a simple way to the auditor to select the data and make observations as well as depends on the limitation of the research and type of data (Wolf, 2008). Therefore, it allows the auditor to select items in a random in order to get appropriate results. The sales account has been determine and evaluated with the hel p of Haphazard approach. Drawbacks of random sampling technique The simple random samplings has some limitation as because it is expensive to use, time consuming and also difficult to organize. It requires complete list of data and depends on the study. The auditor may get confuse while using the random sampling. Therefore, it shows biased results that is not appropriate (Keown, Martin and Petty, 2008). Drawbacks of systematic sampling technique The systematic sampling technique assumes that the population size is available reasonably approximated. The auditors have to research to study the size of the data in the given area. The population needs to show the natural degree of the randomness along with the chosen metric (Holton, 2012). There is high risk of manipulation of data with the systematic sampling as because the auditor might be able to construct the system in order to increase the likelihood to achieve the targeted outcome. Part C: Considerations in substantive testing and collecting audit evidence300 In substantive audit approach auditor focus to verify each and every bit of information of the transaction on his own without depending on the information provided by the management. To provide non manipulative financial information to the investor and other key users of the financial statement is considered to be the primary reason for adopting a predominantly substantive approach in part b (Moles, 2011). Occurrence as it is signifies the first selecting an item for testing from the financial journal or ledgers and then analyzing the underlying primary source document. Tracing and vouching both are considered to be important as both are referred as the occurrence and completeness. Tracing signifies the selection of accounting transaction and then it leads to the journal or ledger. The direction of testing in this scenario is from the primary source document to the journal or ledgers and thus tests whether the overall transaction which occurred is recorded in the accounting records (Saxena et al., 2010). On the other hand vouching starts with the selection of the item for the testing purpose from the accounting journal or ledgers which further carry with analyzing the underlying source document. Therefore it is considered that vouching is providing more evidence that the item consist in the accounting journal or ledges have occurred. Business risk approach which is also known as the risk based approach Business risk approach is considered to be one the most prevalent approach based nowadays by the audit firm to complete the audit assignments. For example International auditing standards focus on understanding the entity and its marketing and financial environment including internal control system to understand the risk of material misstatement at the financial statement and assertion levels (Shapiro, 2006). No, as it will reflect negative value in financial ratios. Yes, as substantive report is zero reliance on the internal control. External auditor information is required before projecting outcome to the entire account balance. To decrease the detection risk which eventually helps to accomplish the expected level of audit risk which provide the assurance of the validity and propriety of the transaction to identify the monetary misstatement (Spiceland, Sepe and Nelson, 2011). Monetary misstatement is considered to be the primary reason to carry out part year trail balance. References Berk, J. and DeMarzo, P. (2007).Corporate finance. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Elliott, B. and Elliott, J. (2008).Financial accounting and reporting. Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall. Hillier, D. (2010).Corporate finance. London: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Holton, R. (2012).Global finance. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. Keown, A., Martin, J. and Petty, J. (2008).Foundations of finance. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Moles, P. (2011).Corporate finance. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Saxena, R., Srinivas, K., Rai, U. and Rai, S. (2010).Auditing. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Shapiro, A. (2006).Multinational financial management. New York: J. Wiley Sons. Spiceland, J., Sepe, J. and Nelson, M. (2011).Intermediate accounting. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Stittle, J. and Wearing, B. (2008).Financial accounting. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. Tripathi, M. (2008).Auditing and finance management. New Delhi: Navyug Publishers and Distributors. Wolf, M. (2008).Fixing global finance. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press.